EF.Functions.Collateメソッドを使うことで、照合順序を指定できる。
var customers = context.Customers
.Where(c => EF.Functions.Collate(c.Name, "Japanese_CI_AI") == "山田一郎")
.ToList();
var customers = context.Customers
.Where(c => EF.Functions.Collate(c.Name, "Japanese_CI_AI").Contains("一郎"))
.ToList();
参考URL
https://learn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/ef/core/miscellaneous/collations-and-case-sensitivity